Analysis of the working principle and application scenarios of Battery Energy Storage System (BESS)
Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) is a device that can store electrical energy and release it when needed, and its working principle is mainly divided into two stages: charging and discharging. In the charging process, electricity from renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power is converted into chemical energy for storage in the battery pack through the power grid or power generation equipment; and in the discharging process, the stored chemical energy is converted back into electrical energy for use.
Specifically, a battery energy storage system consists of a battery pack, a power converter and a control system. Among them, the battery is the core component, responsible for converting electrical energy into chemical energy and chemical energy into electrical energy. In practical applications, lithium-ion batteries are a common choice because they have high energy density and long service life.
Battery energy storage systems are used in a wide range of application scenarios, including but not limited to the following:
Renewable energy grid connection: Utilizing high-capacity battery energy storage technology applied to wind power and photovoltaic power generation can smooth out fluctuations in the output of renewable energy sources and improve energy utilization efficiency.
Grid-assisted services: Energy storage systems can be used for grid-assisted services such as peak and frequency regulation, power peak shaving and valley filling to help maintain grid stability.
User-side energy storage: On the user side, energy storage systems can be used to absorb power during low tariff hours and release it during peak hours, thereby reducing the user’s electricity bill.
Microgrids and distributed energy systems: In areas without utility power or with poor grids, energy storage systems can be used as an independent power supply system to provide a reliable power supply.
Communication base stations and emergency power supply: In communication base stations and emergency situations, energy storage systems can provide stable power support to ensure the normal operation of critical infrastructure.
Offshore and aviation applications: In offshore oil and gas platforms, offshore wind power stations and offshore photovoltaic projects, etc., combined with battery management systems, they can provide a stable power supply.
In summary, battery energy storage systems play an important role in a variety of scenarios through efficient energy storage and release mechanisms, helping to optimize the energy structure, improve energy efficiency and promote sustainable development.